INTERNATIONAL LAW

Course name: Introduction to the Science of Law
Course code: BAL101
Credit hours: 3.00

Inputs: The study of the science of law requires defining the scientific foundations on which it relied in explaining its characteristics that distinguish it from other sciences, and explaining the idea of the legal rule and the provisions that follow it within the framework of the general theory of right.
Outputs: Clarifying the rights of individuals and society and providing them with an initial legal culture that helps them to study in depth the various aspects of the science of law that legislates rights, draws their limits, imposes their guarantees, and establishes the idea of the relationship between law and right.
Vocabulary: – the general theory of the right – the definition of the legal rule – the relationship of the law to other sciences – the sources of the law – the interpretation of the law – the application of the law – the natural and legal person – the concept of things and money

Course name: Political Economy
Course Code: BPE101
Credit Hours: 3.00

Input Focusing on many economic concepts and defining the concept and scope of economics and the economic problem and how to distribute economic resources to different uses and through studying the approach of economics and economic laws and economic doctrines and economic systems and the development of economic theory through the study of commodity and money and the law of value and money and its role in the national economy And wages and the study of competition law and forms of competition in economic systems and must be researched in the new global economic system and economic blocs and international financing institutions and the World Trade Organization and multinational companies. Outputs: Deepening the information of students of the law program in the principles of economics in various aspects related to giving in-depth knowledge of the scientific and practical side by studying practical aspects about carrying out economic activities, especially the rights generated by it when establishing and practicing economic activities and their role in the national economy. To be in the form of research seminars, an oral exam, and a written exam, and the research seminars must be within the vocabulary of the course and enhance the practical aspect of the prescribed vocabulary and enhance the student’s research and practical experience. . Vocabulary: 1 Introduction to economics 2. The capitalist economic system 3. Competition capitalism – monopoly capitalism. 4. The New World Economic Order. 5. International economic blocs.

Course name: General Penal Code I Theory of Crime 
Course Code: BAL102
Credit Hours: 3.00

Entries: It includes a definition of the criminal law, in general, and the Syrian penal law, in particular, and studies its development and objectives, with a focus on clarifying the nature of crime, its types and elements.
Outputs Importance of the course: The Penal Code reflects the development of penal thought and its philosophy, which settled on the principle of legality of crimes and penalties. The Penal Code is characterized by its sources, which depend mainly on written rules, and the characteristic of their application in terms of time and place, which requires studying the concept of crime and identifying its causes, elements, types, and development throughout history. To get acquainted with the basic principles contained in the Penal Code and to explain the reasons that necessitated the legislator to criminalize some of the prohibited behaviors that the law classifies in several categories according to criteria determined by the penal policy orientations of this or that country, which paves the way for determining criminal responsibility for committing crimes and imposing punishment against the perpetrators and those involved in them.
Vocabulary: – Philosophy of penal thought – Definition of the Penal Code – Sources of the Penal Code – Interpretation of the Penal Code – Application of the Penal Code – The principle of legality of crimes and penalties – The principle of the non-retroactivity of the Penal Code – The principle of the territoriality of the Penal Code – The concept of crime and its types – Elements of crime and attempted crime

Course name: Introduction to Distance Learning
Course code: ITC101 
Credit hours: 3.00

The course aims to introduce the student to the concept of virtual learning as an advanced type of e-learning in which the pattern of synchronous and asynchronous learning is integrated with other services available on the network. and students, and to be informed of the latest technical trends in the fields of virtual learning, in addition to applying quality standards in building educational content and evaluating the entire educational process. The course also seeks to develop the student’s technical skills necessary for virtual learning by applying what he learned to the systems of Soliman International University.

Course name: Constitutional Law and Political Systems
Course code: BAL103 
Credit hours: 3.00

Inputs: It includes the set of legal rules contained in the constitution and what the constitutional custom has settled on. The constitution is the supreme system for all laws and regulations in the state and reflects its ideology and the nature of its system. It defines the rights of the citizen and the relationship of the individual with society and the ruler with the ruled, in addition to explaining the most important constitutional and electoral systems prevailing. Outputs: Familiarity with the rules of constitutional law and how to approve and amend them, as well as deepening legal knowledge of the basic principles that govern states with their various systems, and then conducting a comparative analysis between these systems, in preparation for understanding the content of the constitutional and political system of each state and the mechanism of work of its institutions.. Vocabulary: – Definition of the constitution and its types – Methods of establishing the constitution – Amending and ending the constitution – The principle of supremacy of the constitution – Oversight of the constitutionality of laws – The general theory of the state – Theories of sovereignty and power – Prevailing electoral systems – Parliamentary constitutional system – Presidential constitutional system – Mixed constitutional system – Constitutional system

Course name: Introduction to Political Science
Course code: POL101 
Credit hours: 3.00

Inputs: Political science is considered one of the most recent social sciences, and the concepts and issues it deals with are still the subject of disagreement and controversy between thinkers and politicians. The importance of political science stems from the fact that politics now occupies a privileged position in the world today, as it includes various fields of human activity, dominates human life and subjects them to its obligations resulting from the regularity within the framework of civil society, meaning that the era in which we live is the era of the prevalence of the political phenomenon in its broadest sense.
Outputs: – Knowing what political science is and the issues it deals with – The student recognizes the purpose of political science – Distinguish between the theoretical and practical frameworks within which the political leadership moves – Knowing the most prominent political schools and theories – Understanding the liberal school. – Understand the socialist school – Understand the totalitarian school Know the importance of method or method in scientific research – Know the means of scientific research – Know the goals of scientific research – Know the components of the state – Understand the basic authorities in the modern state and the mechanism of action of these authorities – Distinguish between the forms of states and political systems – Knowledge of the causes of political conflict – Knowledge of the active forces: such as political parties, trade unions, and the military institution – The state and its basic components and authorities Forms of states and political systems Powers and groups – Political experience Historical knowledge of political experience – Identifying the manifestations and characteristics of political life – Knowledge of the political scene
Vocabulary: – The development of political science and its relationship to other sciences. The development of the political phenomenon throughout history – political schools and theories – scientific research methods and approaches in politics – the state, its components and basic powers – forms of states and political systems – political forces and groups – political experience

Course name: English I
Course code: ENG101 
Credit hours: 3.00

Inputs: This course is considered an introduction to the science of law with a brief study of the main differences between the Latin and English legal systems Outputs: Enable the student to understand the purpose of the law, the essential differences between laws while understanding the main differences in the formations of courts of all kinds Vocabulary: – definition of law – Sources of law and its classification – the principle of separation of powers – the legal structure of courts

Course Name: History of the Law 
Course Code: BAL151 
Credit Hours: 3.00

The course aims to enable the student to study how the law was established, to know the sources that contributed to the formation of the legal base during the different eras, to know the extent to which previous nations and peoples have reached in terms of advancement and prosperity or delay and decline, and to understand contemporary legal systems, laws and principles through knowledge of their origins and history, as well as By studying the course, the student will learn about the emergence of law in ancient societies, as the law is not new today. He will also learn about the most important legislation of ancient peoples, the sources of their legal base, and the historical origins of many legal rules, as well as an explanation of the legal systems that prevailed in ancient societies.

Course Name: Social Legislation (Cooperation Legislation)
Course Code: BAL152 
Credit Hours: 3.00

Inputs: No organized society can continue to survive and grow depending solely on the services and expenditures provided by the state to meet the economic and social burdens of the citizen. That is why it was necessary to pass some laws and regulations legislating the phenomenon of cooperation in order not to deviate from its noble humanitarian goals, represented in particular in securing an appropriate standard of living for citizens and contributing to the process of economic and social development.
Outputs: Recognizing the importance of the cooperative phenomenon and the extent of its success in achieving the goals it seeks, and motivating its encouragement and use as an effective tool to solve many problems that the state and the private sector are sometimes unable to find appropriate solutions for. As well as paving the way for the search for the optimal legal mechanism in order for the cooperative sector to play its role effectively - Vocabulary: The importance of cooperation, its origins and principles - - Consumer cooperative societies - - Rules for the formation, management and control of consumer cooperative societies. The finances of the cooperative societies and the responsibility of their members - the termination, dissolution and liquidation of the cooperative societies - the housing cooperative societies - - the establishment of the housing cooperative society - - the management of the housing cooperative society - - the work of the housing cooperative society - the formulas of the cooperative concentration - - control, penalties and lawsuits. Exemptions and benefits Dissolution and liquidation of the housing cooperative. - Non-governmental organizations.

Course Name: Principles of Islamic Legislation 
Course Code: BAL153 
Credit Hours: 3.00

Inputs: Islamic law is a major source of legislation in most Islamic countries, and it is distinguished by its rich rules that regulate religious and worldly affairs. Its jurisprudential schools contributed to deriving its provisions, interpreting it, and clarifying its general rules, which influenced the development of the theory of law and the definition of its contents. Outputs: 1- Familiarity with the sources of legislation. 2- Realizing the scientific reasons that led to the difference of jurists. 3- Knowing the written schools of jurisprudence. 4- Seeing the origins and development of Islamic jurisprudence. Vocabulary: – Introducing the science of jurisprudence and the sources of Islamic law. – The chronological roles that the science of Islamic jurisprudence passed through – The written schools of jurisprudence – The reasons for the differences of jurists – Defining the science of jurisprudential rules and explaining the most important jurisprudential rules.

Course Name: The Future
Course Code: ITS151 
Credit Hours: 3.00

This course, which is a continuation of the Distance Learning Introduction course, aims to increase students' proficiency in matters such as career planning, interview, filming, communication and training of qualified persons. In addition, it aims to provide students with knowledge about science and technology, industrial automation, developments in scientific research, rational and critical thinking, the ability to think and produce rational solutions, and to evaluate and analyze future job opportunities through various academic workshops. This course contributes to the development of basic sciences among students and gives them the opportunity to conduct legal research, renew existing knowledge and ideas, and enrich and train the elements needed by professions related to this specialization.

Course Name: Penal Code II Crime Theory
Course Code: BAL154
Credit Hours: 3.00

Inputs: The Penal Code is considered one of the most dangerous, important and sensitive legislations because of the consequences it has on the life of the individual and his private and public freedom, and the infringement on freedom, honor and consideration. The course loads on the general theory of the penal code, and discusses the basic principles regarding the character of the person in the crime, the criminal responsibility of the person, the theory of legality, and the punishment and measure. Outputs: Contribute to understanding the most basic principles of the general penal code related to the theory of punishment, legality and penal responsibility. The study of the theory of criminal responsibility and punishment contributes to the basic contribution to the legal formation of the student, and prepares him to be an experienced jurist who is able to understand the criminal legislation and apply it properly in the field of criminal justice, especially in the field of judiciary. Vocabulary: - The character of the person in the crime - Penal responsibility and its impediments - The theory of legality (reasons for justification) - Punishment provisions and types - Precautionary and corrective measures - Excuses and extenuating excuses - Intensifying the punishment (aggravating reasons) - Suspension and expiration of the punishment.

Course Name: Public Freedoms and Human Rights
Course Code: BAL154
Credit Hours: 3.00

Inputs: The national legislation, especially the constitutional systems, is full of texts that provide legal protection for the rights and fundamental freedoms of individuals and provide constitutional guarantees for them. International law has also been concerned with human rights issues since the establishment of the United Nations, so the Charter made the promotion of human rights its goal. Numerous declarations have been made and many agreements concluded to achieve that goal. Outputs: Providing legal knowledge of the content of public freedoms and human rights, especially fundamental rights, and studying how to fortify them with binding rules, which contributes to establishing the rule of law and activating legal protection mechanisms for human rights and fundamental freedoms, as well as studying protection mechanisms in the global and regional international community. Vocabulary: Human rights in the internal legal system, including: – The right to freedom. The right to equality. The right to a fair trial. The right to life and physical integrity. Human rights at the international level, including: Defining international human rights law. – Human rights at the level of global organization (Declaration of 1948 – Covenant of 1966 – specific rights – international protection of human rights). Human rights at the level of the European regional organization (the European Convention on Human Rights – the European Social Charter).

Course Name: English II
Course Code: ENG151
Credit Hours: 3.00

Inputs: It includes a definition of the principles of criminal law, and the principles of criminal responsibility in the most important countries that adopt the Anglo-Saxon legal system. It sheds light on some crimes against people and money. Outputs: Enable the learner to understand the general principles of criminal law and criminal responsibility in countries that adopt the Anglo-Saxon legal system. And enabling him to analyze some of the most important crimes against people and money and identify their pillars. Vocabulary: – General principles of criminal law – Crime theory – Elements of crime – Classification of crimes – Theory of criminal responsibility – Impediments to punishment and reasons for justification – Some of the most important crimes against persons and funds

Course Name: Public International Law

Course Code: BAL201

Credit Hours: 3.00

Inputs: Control of international relations requires a set of legal rules that should govern the behavior of international persons in their mutual relations. Undoubtedly, the history of international relations is replete with various models, the old ones are similar to the new ones in terms of form, and they differ from each other in terms of basis and content. Therefore, the international rules governing contemporary relations should be determined, and the people to whom these rules address should be examined, and then the aspects of international relations should be examined in the light of those legal rules in peace and war. Outputs: The student has a variety of knowledge about the rules of international relations. The difference between international relations in ancient times and contemporary international relations should become clear to the student by setting a temporal starting point for existing international law. The student learns the relationship between international law and domestic law, while researching the obligatory basis of the rules of international law, and the sources of this law. On the other hand, the student develops knowledge of the persons of international law who are addressed by international rules, especially states and international organizations, with the problem of the individual’s status in this law and the development of his legal status. The student also gets acquainted with the aspects of international relations in peace and war, so that he has knowledge of treaty relations, diplomacy, the international scope, methods of settling international disputes by legal or political means, peaceful or violent. Vocabulary: – Generalities in international law – What is international law – The nature of international law – Theories related to the basis of obligation for the rules of international law. The relationship between international law and domestic law. Persons of international law: states, international organizations, the individual, international relations: international treaties, diplomatic and consular relations, international scope, settlement of international disputes.

Course Name: Civil Law (Sources of Obligation)

Course Code: BAL202

Credit Hours: 3.00

Inputs: The general theory of obligations is based on the principle of the authority of the will and its most important sources are contracts. The theory contains provisions related to how the civil obligation arises, especially its contractual sources and the conditions, elements and effects that follow, as well as an explanation of the role of the individual will and the provisions of contractual responsibility. Outputs: Familiarity with the voluntary sources of obligations and the most basic principles of civil law, which is the focus of human rights theory and its necessary starting point, whether in public or professional life, and constitutes the main pillar of legal work in various fields. Vocabulary: – The general theory of obligations – The principle of the authority of the will – The elements of the contract and its effects – Conditions for the validity of the contract – Cases of dissolution of the contract – Invalidation and annulment of the contract – Dissolution and annulment of the contract – The concept of individual will – Contractual responsibility

Course name: Introduction to Administrative Law

Course code: BAL203

Credit hours: 3.00

Introduction to Administrative Law
Inputs: It includes a set of legal rules aimed at regulating the work of the administration, public institutions and utilities, defining their powers and the limits of their powers, in addition to clarifying the foundations and persons of the administrative organization. Outputs: Knowing the general principles of administrative law as the objective component of national legislation that regulates the work of the executive authority in its administrative aspect, and revitalizing scientific thought to find appropriate solutions to the gaps that administrative work suffers from. – Vocabulary: – Definition of administrative law – The emergence of administrative law – The development of administrative law – Sources of administrative law – Application of administrative law – Interpretation of administrative law – Foundations of administrative organization – Persons of public administration – Administrative organization in Syria

Course Name: Principles of the Art of Diplomatic Negotiation

Course Code: BIL201

Credit Hours: 3.00

Inputs: Diplomatic relations constitute an aspect of international relations. Its rules have been established as a result of international practices that have turned into international norms. The rules are written. The role of diplomacy in international relations should be defined, and the well-established legal rules in international relations, and their impact on states’ dealings with each other, regardless of the nature of these relations (friendly or unfriendly). In addition, the diplomatic rules are no longer based on customary practices only, but have a consensual origin through the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations (as well as the consular aspect in international relations). Inputs Studying the course enables the learner to deal with the vocabulary of diplomacy and answer the following questions: What is meant by diplomatic law? What are the sources of the rules of diplomatic law? What is the relationship between diplomatic law and international law? Who are the workers in the diplomatic field? How is the diplomatic envoy accredited? What consists of the diplomatic mission? What are the tasks and functions of diplomatic missions and diplomatic envoys, and what are the duties of a diplomatic envoy? What are diplomatic immunities and privileges? What are the reasons for the end of the diplomatic mission? What are the consequences of the end of the diplomatic mission? How did consular relations develop? What are the consular missions made of? Vocabulary: – Definition of diplomatic and consular relations. The development of diplomatic and consular relations. Exchange of diplomatic and consular representation. Diplomatic and consular relations bodies. Conditions for selecting a diplomatic and consular representative. Duties and duties of diplomatic and consular representatives. Diplomatic and consular privileges and immunities. Cases of termination of diplomatic and consular missions.

Course Name: Commercial Business

Course Code: BIL202

Credit Hours: 3.00

Inputs: The study of commercial law requires that it defines the basis of commercial law and that it shows the characteristics of commercial work and the importance of differentiating it from civil work, that it defines the sections of commercial business and that it shows the provisions of commercial business. As well as explaining the conditions for a person to acquire the status of a merchant and the duties imposed on him. It should also explain the concept of the store and the legal nature of the store. The constituent elements of the store must be indicated. And to explain the store’s protection from competition and explain the actions of the store. Outputs: 1- Understanding what is meant by commercial law and its relationship with other laws. 2 – Knowledge of the general principles of commercial law. 3- Knowing the types of businesses and the provisions they are subject to. 4- Know what is meant by merchants and their most important obligations. 5- Understanding the meaning of the store and defining its legal nature and the most important actions mentioned – Vocabulary: the subject of commercial rights. The development of commercial rights. Sources of commercial rights. First: commercial business – the basis of commercial law. Business division. Business provisions. Second: The Merchant – Conditions for acquiring the status of a merchant. Trade regulation. Duties of the Merchant. Third: The store – The concept of the store and its legal nature. Store items. Protecting the store from competition. Actions on the store.

Course name: English III

Course code: ENG201

Credit hours: 3.00

Input: international and conflict of laws. The study of nationality and the status of foreigners derives its importance from determining the rights enjoyed by the citizen and the obligations imposed on him in return for establishing the bond of nationality. The same applies to the foreigner when he is recognized with a specific legal status. It includes a definition of the principles of public international law and the basic principles regulating the work of this law. Outputs: The study of the legal status of foreigners, for its part, contributes to defining the concept of a foreigner from the perspective of the concerned country, and defining the most important rights that he can enjoy on the territory of that country, and the most important obligations that can be imposed. Enabling the student to understand the general principles of public international law, with a focus on persons of public law and the relationship between this law and other laws such as international humanitarian law. Vocabulary: Loss of nationality Deprivation of nationality Jurisdiction in matters of nationality Definition of the legal status of foreigners General rights of foreigners Special rights of foreigners Definition of public international law Sources of public international law Persons of public international law Methods of resolving international disputes International humanitarian law(تم التعديل)استعادة الترجمة الأصلية

Course Name: International Relations Theory

Course Code: BIL251

Credit Hours: 3.00

The course aims to study basic concepts and theories and contemporary approaches in international relations, especially new approaches within the framework of liberal schools, realism, radical theories, decision-making theories and critical theories, and the extent to which theory relates to contemporary international policies, as well as interest in developing critical capabilities in comparison between prevailing perspectives and considering the possibilities of new perspectives. Especially in light of the challenges after the end of the Cold World War and globalization, which arise before the theory of international relations.
The curriculum inputs include: the form and type of knowledge, learners’ characteristics, needs, tendencies and interests, society’s philosophy, values, hopes and aspirations. The curriculum outcomes are: knowledge, skills, and attitudes.

Course Name: International Economic Organisations

Course Code: BIL252

Credit Hours: 3.00

Inputs: The study of international economic organizations is a natural extension of the study of international economic law, considering international economic organizations as key persons in international economic law. And if the international economic organizations are many in number, with multiple dimensions and scopes, then perhaps it is difficult to get acquainted with them according to the study hours specified for the course, and the choice has been made on what the scholars agree on from organizations that they describe as constituting the sides of the triangle of the global economy (i.e.: the International Monetary Fund, the International Bank for Reconstruction development, and the World Trade Organization). Outputs: The course enables students to become acquainted with the most important international economic organizations operating on a global scale. The learner gets to know the functions assigned to these organizations. He understands the functions of the fund related to controlling international monetary relations, creating a multilateral system for international payments, the function of the World Bank (and its group) in providing loans, especially taking into account the development dimension, after completing the task of rebuilding what was destroyed by World War II, and the function of the World Trade Organization represented in trade liberalization. Globalism. The student also gets acquainted with the mechanisms of settling international economic disputes offered by these organizations. Vocabulary: – International Monetary Fund: – International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. – WTO

Course contents: Public finance theory, – public spending theory, – effects of public spending, – tax theory, – technical problems of taxes, 0 fees and debts, – public loans, – new monetary issuance, 0 the state’s general budget, – fiscal policy and its role in treating Economic gaps, – different tax systems

Course name: International Environmental Law

Course code: BIL253

Credit hours: 3.00

The international environmental law course discusses issues of environmental pollution at the international level and addresses in its rules the same international persons, namely states and international organizations, through international legal rules, customary rules, judicial decisions and recommendations of international organizations. Therefore, the description of international environmental law as one of the branches of public international law Because it agrees with him in nature, sources and principles as well.
International environmental law applies to the environment in the same way as international human rights law, international law of the sea, and international development law. International environmental law is of relatively recent origin, and international environmental law – as a branch of general international law – is based on a set of legal rules that find their source in international agreements, general principles and international court decisions, in the field of environmental protection and in the field of international liability for damages. Environmental pollution.
The members of the International Law Commission pointed out that there is a wide range of legal rules related to international environmental law, not only in jurisprudence and convention law, but also in customary law as well, and they mentioned some arbitration decisions such as the decision related to the smelter Trail and the decision related to Lake Lanoux.

Course name: International Transactions Law (Money and Banking)

Course code: BIL254

Credit hours: 3.00

This course aims to introduce students to the origins of money and its historical and modern functions from the point of view of different monetary schools. As well as reviewing banks and their pivotal role in the proper functioning of economic activity. This will help the student to understand the mechanism of monetary policy and its tools in adjusting and controlling monetary and economic variables.
Vocabulary: –
Money and banks in international transactions, – money (in terms of origin, types and functions), – money supply, – theories of demand for money, – banks (commercial, investment), – central banks, – monetary policy.

Course name: Law of the Sea

Course Code: BIL255

Credit Hours: 3.00

Inputs: This course provides a study of the international law of the sea as a branch of international law, and an explanation of the development of its rules, and identification of the legal system for areas under national jurisdiction, and marine areas not under national jurisdiction.
Outputs: The study aims to enable the student to understand the issues of the international law of the sea, to define its meaning, to indicate its sources and the features of its rules. In addition to the most important problems related to the regional jurisdiction over the various marine areas. It also allows knowledge of the main divisions of the seas, whether they are subject to national sovereignty or outside of them to enter into various arrangements determined by the rules of international law of the sea.
Vocabulary: – What is the international law of the sea: – Definition – Sources – Development of international law of the sea – Nature of international law of the sea – Sections of international law of the sea: – Maritime subject to national jurisdiction: areas – Inland waters – Territorial waters – Contiguous zone – Exclusive economic zone – Shelf Continental – Archipelagic waters – Bays – Straits – Maritime channels – Maritime areas not under national jurisdiction: – The High Sea – Area of the common heritage of humanity.

Course name: International Regulation

Course Code: BIL256

Credit Hours: 3.00

This course aims to give the student an in-depth idea of the general theory of organization, and then the nature of international and regional organization and the extent of interdependence between them, with a focus on the United Nations as an international organization, and the League of Arab States as a regional organization.

Course name: English IV

Course code: ENG251

Credit hours: 3.00

Inputs: Students who take this course are assumed to have studied Commercial Law courses in Arabic (Commercial Law 1, 2, and 3) in addition to the Introduction to Law course in English. Outputs: Studying this course enables students to know the basic rules of international trade law, which helps students to distinguish between the national rules of commercial law and the rules governing international trade law. Vocabulary: – Introduction. Advantages of international trade law. – Vienna Convention on International Sales 1980. – International Items for Sale (Incoterms)

Course Name: International Criminal Law

Course Code: BIL301

Credit Hours: 3.00

The course focuses on international criminal law, especially the following topics: – Defining the concept of international criminal law, its origins and development, and its sources – Determining the legal nature of the rules of international criminal law, and distinguishing it from other similar laws such as international humanitarian law, international human rights law and international criminal law, – International crimes concept, and its types. – International criminal responsibility – International criminal justice, its development and types – International Criminal Court.

Course name: International Rivers Law

Course code: BIL302

Credit hours: 3.00

With the beginning of the twentieth century, international law began to pay attention to international rivers, due to the development and complexity of international relations regarding the use of the waters of international rivers. International rivers and pushing for the development and study of international legal rules that regulate international rivers as one of the basic and indispensable economic resources.With the beginning of the twentieth century, international law began to pay attention to international rivers, due to the development and complexity of international relations regarding the use of the waters of international rivers. International rivers and pushing for the development and study of international legal rules that regulate international rivers as one of the basic and indispensable economic resources.

Vocabulary: – Sources of international rivers law, – International rivers treaties, – International conferences and charters of international rivers, – Customs of international rivers, – Jurisdictions of international rivers, – United Nations resolutions regarding international rivers, – Jurisprudence of international rivers.

Course Name: Immigration and Nationality Law

Course Code: BIL303

Credit Hours: 3.00

This course aims to give students a viewpoint on the reality of migration in the present and future time. Why do countries put so much effort into controlling their borders and how successful they can be in controlling their borders successfully are some of the questions that you would like to answer upon completion of the course. .
Vocabulary: – Immigration laws, – The main actors of migration, – The historical background of migration, – Reasons, and economic, political and legal challenges in migration, – The legal status of migrants today, Refuge and relations between international migration and international relations

Course name: Family Laws

Course code: BIL304

Credit hours: 3.00

This course is a specialized scientific focus of what is taught in comparative family laws, with the development of the method of study to meet the requirements of the personal status courts of judges and lawyers, and what qualifies the student to be able to deal with family issues, and to provide consultations in the light of contemporary developments and technical development, by studying some courses Scientific and practical, which broaden his perceptions and link him to what is in effect in Arab countries compared to European countries.

Course Name: Economic International Law

Course Code: LECO301

Credit Hours: 3.00

Inputs: Studying the nature of international economic law – definition of international economic law and the characteristics of its rules and sources of rules of international economic law The development of the rules of international economic law and access to common theories and various applications Branches of economic international law: international commercial law – international financial law – international law for development Study of international economic blocs Outputs: The study aims to enable the student to answer a set of the following questions: What is the definition of international economic law? What are the sources and characteristics of the rules of international economic law? What is the relationship between international economic law and public international law? How did international economic relations develop? What are the common theories and their different applications? A study of the branches of international economic law (international commercial, international financial and international development law) and what are the international economic blocs? – Vocabulary: What is international economic law – Definition – Sources – Characteristics of rules – – Development of international economic relations – Common theories – Different applications – – Branches of international economic law – International commercial law – International financial law – International development law – – International economic blocs – Economic International Integration – International Economic Integration

Course Name: Bankruptcy and Protective Composition

Course Code: BAL305

Credit Hours: 3.00

Inputs: Merchants or commercial companies may stumble, which leads them to seek settlement with creditors to get up again. If this settlement fails, the defaulting trader is subject to bankruptcy rules that aim to collectively liquidate his money and distribute it to creditors. Outputs: Build knowledge of the legal system to which the defaulting trader is subject and how to settle Debts and preserving the rights of creditors in the event of bankruptcy, which constitutes a complementary article that contributes to supporting information on merchants, commercial companies, and land commercial law in general – Vocabulary: Protective Composition. Local conditions for bankruptcy. Formal conditions for declaring bankruptcy. Effects of bankruptcy. Bankruptcy solutions. Negative bankruptcy. Re-consideration of the commercial register

Course Name: Principles of Civil Trials II

Course Code: BAL351

Credit Hours: 3.00

Inputs: In addition to the provisions related to the judicial structure, the course of the case and the procedures of the trial, the Code of Procedure contains other texts related to the explanation of the theory of judicial rulings, whether it is related to the issue of ruling procedures, methods of appealing them, or the effects resulting from them. Outputs: The study of the theory of judicial rulings within the scope of the Procedure Code is an important issue for future judges and lawyers, so that they can connect between theory and reality, and between legal principles and their applications, which illuminates for them the path of success in their scientific and professional career. Vocabulary: – Classification of judicial rulings – Definition of ruling and its types – Reasoning for invocation – Interpretation of rulings – Principles of issuing rulings – Methods of appeal against rulings – Effects of judicial rulings – Methods of appealing against rulings – Appeal – Cassation – Retrial – Others’ objection – Other litigations – Power of attorney in litigation and repudiation – Presentation and Deposit – Arbitration

Course Name: Principles of Criminal Trials II

Course Code: BAL352

Credit Hours: 3.00

Inputs: Proceeding with the criminal case requires adherence to the procedures related to the principles of evidence and pleadings that are regulated by specific legal provisions, and requires a judicial organization that is distinguished in its general structure and procedures from that in force, whether before the civil or administrative courts, as well as understanding the concept of the judicial police, the principles of investigation and referral, trial mechanisms and methods appeal. Outputs: Knowledge of the foundations of the penal judicial organization and investigation and trial procedures provides the judge, lawyer, plaintiffs, and victims with the legal framework to collect what they see as their right during the course of the case, and secures the right of the state to impose punishment, and the rights of victims to obtain appropriate compensation. Vocabulary: – Criminal judicial organization – Criminal jurisdiction – Ordinary and exceptional criminal courts – Investigating, referral and trial judges – Judicial police – Rules of evidence in a criminal case – Methods of appeal in a criminal case – Request for a retrial – Implementation of penal judgments

Course name: Intellectual Property

Course Code: BAL303

Credit Hours: 3.00

Inputs The course includes a detailed study of the legal protection prescribed for industrial and commercial property, including trademarks, patents, and industrial designs and models. Outputs The study aims to introduce industrial and commercial property rights, define their nature, and indicate the means of legal protection prescribed for them nationally and internationally, given the importance of these rights in practice due to their direct impact on commercial activity. Vocabulary 1- Definition of the distinguishing mark and its forms 2- Penal protection for the distinguishing mark (its importance and conditions) 3- Forms of assault on the distinguishing mark 4- Penal penalties imposed 5- Border protection for the distinguishing mark (its definition and importance) 6- Border protection (procedures and penalties) 7- Civil protection for the distinguishing mark in accordance with the provisions of non-competition Legitimate (definition, importance and legal basis) 8- Forms of unfair competition 9- Civil protection for the well-known mark 10- Concept of patent (definition and conditions) 11- Procedures for granting a patent 12- Effects of granting a patent 13- Concept of industrial designs and models (definition and conditions) 14- Industrial designs and models (procedures and effects)

Course name: Administrative Law III (Administrative Judiciary)

Course code: ECO354

Credit hours: 3.00

Inputs: The reasons for the emergence of administrative disputes lie in the disagreement over the interpretation of the sources of administrative law, such as laws, decrees, decisions, and administrative contracts, and the application of their texts. These disputes are settled in different ways, the most important of which is resorting to the administrative judiciary, which includes specific courts and advisory bodies, distinguished by the privacy of their organizational structure, terms of reference, methods of review, the principles of their pleadings, and the enforcement of their rulings.
Outputs: This course aims to introduce students to the provisions of “the theory of judicial oversight over the work of the public administration” according to the French model, given that the experience of the French administrative judiciary has become deeply rooted after more than a century and a half have passed. This course contributes to clarifying the principles and concepts that the administrative judiciary can adopt. , In the light of the French, Egyptian, Syrian and Lebanese administrative jurisprudence, and in the scope of the advanced Arab and French administrative jurisprudence trends. Vocabulary: – The principle of legality – Oversight of the work of the administration – Methods of organizing judicial control over the work of the administration and defining the scope of jurisdiction of the administrative judiciary under the dual judiciary system – The unified judiciary system (the Anglo-Saxon system) – The dual judiciary system (the French system) – Issues within the jurisdiction of the judiciary Administrative – annulment lawsuit – annulment judiciary – cases or aspects of appeal to annulment Defect of lack of jurisdiction – defect of form – violation of the legal rule – defect of deviation in authority – complete judiciary – conditions for accepting a full judicial action – administration’s responsibility for its non-contractual actions (compensation lawsuit) – administration’s responsibility Negligence (non-contractual) – Judicial administrative procedures – Methods of appeal against administrative judicial rulings – Appeal methods established in France – Approved methods of appeal – General characteristics of administrative procedures before the judiciary.

Course name: Personal Status Law (Inheritance)

Course code: BAL305

Credit hours: 3.00

Inputs: includes a statement of the meaning, types and symptoms of eligibility. Explanation of the meaning of legal representation, its types and provisions. Statement of the meaning of the will and testaments and their terms and conditions. Statement of the meaning of inheritance, its causes, contraindications and provisions. Statement of the meaning of endowment and its provisions and types. Outputs: Familiarity with the meaning of eligibility and its symptoms and the impact of these symptoms on eligibility of both types. Realizing the meaning of the will and its conditions and provisions in Shari’a and law. Familiarity with the provisions of inheritance and the distribution of the estate to the heirs. Realizing the meaning of the endowment, its conditions, types and provisions in Shari’a and law. Vocabulary: Defining eligibility and explaining its types and symptoms. Defining legal representation and explaining its types and provisions. – The provisions of guardianship over oneself and money – – The provisions of guardianship. Defining the will and explaining its conditions, its impediments, and the competition for guardianship. – Defining inheritance, its causes and contraindications – Inheritance by imposition and agnate – Provisions of blocking and its types. – Inheritance of relatives, pregnancy and missing persons – – Definition of endowment, its conditions and types, legally and legally.

Course name: Commercial Law (Maritime and Air Law)

Course code: BAL356

Credit hours: 3.00

Entries: It contains a set of legal rules governing trade in the field of maritime and air transport of people and goods, in addition to the provisions related to marine and air accidents and their effects that require appropriate legal solutions due to the special nature of maritime and air trade. Outputs: Knowing the main provisions of maritime and air commercial law contributes to supporting the legal information received in the field of land commercial law, and being able to know the rules governing the work of these two vital facilities in a way that serves the commercial environment, national and international, and helps settle many disputes related to maritime and air transport. – Vocabulary: Defining maritime and air law – Sources of maritime and air law – Provisions of sea and air navigation – Legal system for ships and aircraft – Legal system for ports and airports – Maritime and air transport contract – Carrier’s responsibility – Marine and air insurance contract – Maritime and air collision provisions – Aid and rescue system – Marine and air sales

Course name: Public Finance

Course code: BAL401

Credit hours: 3.00

Inputs: The study of the public finance course requires: – To introduce this science and define its relationship to laws and other branches of humanities. Explanation of the three main financial instruments regulated by the science of public finance. Public revenues, public expenditures and the general budget. An applied study of the reality of revenues, expenditures and the general budget in Syria. Outputs: Clarifying the importance of public finance for students of the Faculty of Law, and not confining it to students of the Faculty of Economics and Commerce. A statement that public finance is taught in the Faculty of Law from a legal point of view. So that public expenditures are studied with their elements and controls. And public revenues with their legal system. And the general budget in terms of its characteristics and various stages, and clarifying that it is a law of a special nature. Vocabulary: – Studying public finance in its various stages of inception and development, whether neutral public finance or interventionist public finance. – Identifying the three main financial instruments – public expenditures, in terms of their definition, elements and controls on public spending. And the role of public expenditures in the financial and economic policy of the state. Public revenues in all their forms, including state property revenues, fees, taxes, loans, and cash issuance. – Learn in depth about taxes and fees as part of the sovereign revenues of the state. The general budget: in terms of its definition and distinction from similar financial accounts, and the features and characteristics of the general budget. – The main principles of the general budget (the principle of budget annuality, budget unity, budget comprehensiveness, budget prevalence, and budget balance). The main stages of the general budget from preparation, approval, implementation and monitoring of implementation.

Course Name: Civil Law (original rights in rem)

Course Code: BAL402

Credit Hours: 3.00

Inputs: From the provisions of the general theory of obligations, the exercise of in-kind rights, principal and consequential, stems from things and funds, whether they are real estate or movables. The original real right has specific characteristics that must be explained within the framework of the general theory of possession, the most important of which are related to property rights, the reasons for acquiring them, their types, and the restrictions imposed on them. Outputs: Gaining legal knowledge of the methods of acquiring property, drafting and managing its contracts, in addition to clarifying some provisions related to ownership, such as foreign ownership of real estate, ownership of agricultural and border real estate, and other issues related to the right of ownership, which are matters that the law student must understand in order to be able to exercise his role within the legal framework. . Vocabulary: – Defining the right in kind – Characteristics of the right in kind – Possession – The right of ownership and its characteristics – The scope of the right of ownership and restrictions on the right of ownership – The concept of movable and its types – The concept of real estate and its types – Common ownership – Reasons for acquiring ownership – Foreigners’ ownership of real estate rights in some countries – Expropriation of ownership for the public benefit – usufruct right – easement right – superficial right – endowment and rents.

Course name: Private International Law (Nationality)

Course code: BAL403

Credit hours: 3.00

Inputs: Private international law constitutes a distinct branch among the various branches of law, as it includes within its substantive scope, according to the prevailing in our country, each of: nationality, legal status of foreigners, conflict of international jurisdiction and conflict of laws. The study of nationality and the status of foreigners derives its importance from determining the rights enjoyed by the citizen and the obligations imposed on him in return for establishing the bond of nationality. The same applies to the foreigner when he is recognized with a specific legal status. Outputs: The study of issues related to the nationality bond contributes to explaining the nature of this bond and defining the criteria for establishing it from the moment of an individual’s birth, as well as the conditions for granting it in later periods, and the extent to which disputes arising from granting or abstraction can be settled. For its part, the study of the legal status of foreigners also contributes to defining the concept of a foreigner from the perspective of the concerned state, and determining the most important rights that he can enjoy on the territory of that state, and the most important obligations that can be imposed. Vocabulary: Definition of private international law Sources of private international law Definition of nationality and its elements Principles of regulating nationality Original nationality Subsequent nationality Effects of naturalization Loss of nationality Deprivation of nationality Jurisdiction in matters of nationality Defining the legal status of foreigners Public rights For foreigners – – the special rights of foreigners.

Course name: Legal Methodology

Course Code: BAL404

Credit Hours: 3.00

legal methodology
Inputs: shed light on: the meaning of the legal scientific methodology as a content and method to reach legal knowledge in particular and scientific in general, and the method of writing scientific research and its steps and parties, by reviewing the conditions that must be met by the researcher, supervisor, research and references in order to formulate research with different objectives Outputs: This course aims to provide students with everything related to the process of preparing and writing scientific research. It first shows the concept of scientific research and its importance, and the types or divisions of scientific research, whether in terms of the general nature, or in terms of the scientific field or field. Or in terms of the qualifying and academic purpose. It also shows the methods of scientific research (inductive method, deductive method, historical method, and comparative method) and how to use them. This course also deals with the scope of scientific research (personal and objective), its tools, and how the researcher collects information and data. From the various sources and references related to the research, how to record this information and data, the method of documenting it, and finally how to produce scientific research (i.e. writing scientific research and medicine his insanity), and the method of discussing and judging him by the scientific committee that is formed for this purpose. – Vocabulary: – Introduction – Definition of research methodology and types of research – Parties to scientific research “Researcher – Supervisor – Research material” – Stages of preparation of scientific research and its conditions “Choosing the topic – References – Cataloging and Libraries – Writing” – Printing and discussion.

Course Name: Commercial Arbitration

Course Code: BAL405

Credit Hours: 3.00

Inputs: Due to the great importance of arbitration in resolving disputes arising from commercial transactions, especially international ones, it was necessary to introduce it, review its types, indicate its advantages and disadvantages, in addition to addressing the mechanism for obtaining it and how to implement the ruling issued in this regard. Outputs: Developing the student’s knowledge of the concept of arbitration, introducing him to the arbitration agreement, its terms and effects, the mechanism for appointing the members of the arbitral tribunal, its powers and responsibilities, how it considers the issue of the dispute to be able to resolve it by virtue of its issuance, and a statement of its implications and how to appeal it. Vocabulary: The concept of arbitration. Arbitration agreement. – jury. Arbitration procedures. Arbitration award

Course Name: Cybercrime

Course Code: BAL406

Credit Hours: 3.00

Inputs: Information crime is one of the relatively recent subjects that have been introduced recently to law faculties. As this type of crime is constantly increasing and reflects the negative side of the era of information technologies. Therefore, it was important to shed light on these crimes and the mechanism of dealing with them.. Outputs: Understanding the nature and characteristics of informatics crimes, and clarifying the criminal policy followed by the legislator in some Arab countries. In addition to an explanation of the various forms of informatics crimes stipulated in the aforementioned laws, the methods of prosecuting the perpetrators and the digital evidence that is used in building the public case. Vocabulary: – The nature of the Internet and the crimes associated with its use. Pictures of the new crimes. – General provisions for IT crimes – traditional and network crimes. – Jurisdiction. The agencies specialized in combating information crimes. New methods of proof (digital evidence).

Course name: Private International Law (Conflict of Laws)

Course code: BAL451

Credit hours: 3.00

Inputs: The problem of conflict of laws arises with regard to the relations of individuals that include one or more foreign elements, as a result of the association of such relations with different national legal systems. Hence, human rights thought created what is called the rules of conflict of laws or the rules of attribution, whose primary task is to link the disputes arising from those relations with the most appropriate law. Appropriateness which is called the law applicable to the subject matter of the dispute. Outputs: The study of issues related to conflict of laws contributes to acquiring the necessary knowledge to settle disputes related to several different legislations, where the settlement takes place in different ways than those used in the case of settling purely national disputes, which are subject to the rule of national law in the concerned country. Vocabulary: – Determining the general theory governing the conflict of laws – Defining the rules of attribution and defining its most important characteristics – Conflict of laws system: – Conditioning – Referral – Attribution to a country in which there are many laws – The nature of the applicable foreign law – Advancing public order and circumventing the law – Syrian rules of attribution – Rules related to personal status matters – Rules related to real estate or movable funds – Rules related to contracts – Rules related to facts.

Course Name: Civil Law (ancillary real rights)

Course Code: BAL452

Credit Hours: 3.00

Inputs: It sheds light on in-kind insurances aimed at reassuring the creditor by allocating money to his debtor to fulfill the debt. Which puts the creditor in an excellent position, so it gives him the right of priority over other ordinary and privileged creditors who are next to him in rank. It also gives him authority over the thing through the right to seize it and the right to pursue it until full payment. It is concrete because it represents a person’s authority over something specific in itself and dependency, because it revolves in existence and non-existence with the reason for its emergence and the nature of religion.

Outputs: This course represents a great practical importance because it sets the legal framework for trust in economic and financial transactions between: the creditor and the debtor “the two parties to the original obligation” and third parties, so that the debtor does not lose, regardless of his debts, the right to draw credit with the guarantee of his real estate or movables to secure It reassures the creditor and protects him from the risks of the general guarantee and the insolvency or bankruptcy of the debtor, and reassures others about the debtor’s financial situation and protects them from any collusion between the debtor and the creditor. Vocabulary: – Introduction “Historical overview” – Possessive real estate insurance “movable – real estate” – non-possessory real estate insurance “conventional real estate insurance” – legal insurance

Course name: Fundamentals of Islamic legislation

Course code: BAL453

Credit hours: 3.00

Inputs: The subject introduces the learner to the nature of legal evidence, which is the book, the Sunnah, consensus, analogy, approval, the sent interest, custom, and the law of those before us, the companion’s doctrine, companionship, and blocking pretexts, in addition to the legal ruling and its divisions, the ruling, the ruled, and the ruled. The end of obtaining information in this course is: – Mentioning legal evidence. Determine the textual and intellectual sources of Islamic legislation. Mention the legal ruling. Mention the most important fundamentalist rules in Islamic jurisprudence. Mention the sections of Sharia ruling. Vocabulary: – Defining the science of the principles of jurisprudence and clarifying its subject and purpose. Introducing the sources of Sharia – Sharia ruling, its pillars and types. – Fundamental linguistic rules (the truth and metaphor, the general and the specific, the absolute and the restricted, the joint, the abrogating and the abrogated, diligence and imitation) – 5 – The linguistic and legislative fundamental rules.

Course name: Tax Legislation

Course Code: ECO454

Credit Hours: 3.00

Inputs: Studying the tax legislation course requires: Studying the concept of the tax system. Determine the elements of the tax system and its main components. Introducing the main criteria that determine the scope of application of the tax law. Statement of the most important types of taxes in the tax legislation.

Outputs: Clarifying the importance of the tax law at the level of activity of natural and legal individuals. Provide students with the financial and tax legal culture that enables them to understand all aspects of economic and financial activities from a legal point of view. Learn how to resolve tax disputes administratively and judicially as part of legal disputes.

Vocabulary: – The general concept of the tax system. Genesis and subjectivity of tax law. The impact of the tax system on economic and social development. Income taxes in tax legislation. Tax on the profits of industrial, commercial and non-commercial professions. – Tax on salaries and wages. – Tax on the proceeds of circulated capital. – Resolving tax disputes in tax legislation.

Course name: Public Administration

Course Code: BAL455

Credit Hours: 3.00

The Public Administration course aims to: – Introduce the structure of public administration apparatuses in countries and how to build the public administrative apparatus, – Qualify students with scientific knowledge of the mechanism of performing public administration functions in any of the public administration apparatuses and institutions, – Enable the student to differentiate between managing the public apparatus and own organization.
The course contains: – the definition of public administration, – the relationship between public administration and related sciences, – the entrances to the study of public administration, – the functions of public administration, – local administration and the local quantity.
Vocabulary: – the definition of public administration, – the relationship between public administration, the science of business administration and the science of administrative law, – the relationship between public administration and the science of politics, economics and psychology, – the legal and descriptive approach, – the organizational, behavioral, environmental and comparative approach, – planning, – organizing, – leadership, – control, – local government, – local administration.

Course name: Graduation research project

Course code: BAL456

Credit hours: 3.00

The course aims to develop the scientific, theoretical and applied abilities of the student about to graduate, and to enable the student to know the extent of the student’s familiarity with the methodology that he learned during the four years, and to what extent he enjoys scientific honesty and the ability to think privately, in addition to his ability to choose new topics in his specialization, or Trying to link contemporary legal phenomena.